Laravel and Angular: Creating a Full-Stack CRUD Application

To build a full-stack application using Laravel (PHP backend) and Angular (frontend), we will implement a basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) application. In this example, the backend will manage a list of users, and the frontend will interact with this backend via HTTP requests.

Step 1: Backend - Laravel

1.1 Install Laravel

First, create a new Laravel project using Composer.

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel laravel-angular-crud

After installing, navigate to the project directory:

cd laravel-angular-crud

1.2 Set Up Database

Create a MySQL database (e.g., laravel_angular_crud) and update the .env file in the root of your Laravel project to reflect the database connection.

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel_angular_crud
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=

Run the migration to set up the default tables (optional, for user authentication):

php artisan migrate

1.3 Create a Model and Migration for Users

Now, we’ll create a User model along with a migration file for the users table.

php artisan make:model User -m

Update the migration file (database/migrations/xxxx_xx_xx_create_users_table.php) to define the schema:

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string('name');
        $table->string('email')->unique();
        $table->integer('age');
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}

Run the migration:

php artisan migrate

1.4 Create a Controller for the API

Now, create a controller to manage the CRUD operations for users:

php artisan make:controller UserController

In app/Http/Controllers/UserController.php, add the CRUD methods:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    // Get all users
    public function index()
    {
        return response()->json(User::all());
    }

    // Create a new user
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $user = User::create($request->all());
        return response()->json($user, 201);
    }

    // Get a single user
    public function show($id)
    {
        return response()->json(User::find($id));
    }

    // Update user
    public function update(Request $request, $id)
    {
        $user = User::find($id);
        $user->update($request->all());
        return response()->json($user);
    }

    // Delete user
    public function destroy($id)
    {
        User::destroy($id);
        return response()->json(null, 204);
    }
}

1.5 Define API Routes

Next, open the routes/api.php file and define the routes for the UserController.

Route::get('users', [UserController::class, 'index']);
Route::get('users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'show']);
Route::post('users', [UserController::class, 'store']);
Route::put('users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'update']);
Route::delete('users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'destroy']);

1.6 Enable CORS

Since the frontend and backend will be hosted on different ports during development, we need to enable CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing). You can install the Laravel CORS package:

composer require fruitcake/laravel-cors

Then, publish the configuration:

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Fruitcake\Cors\CorsServiceProvider"

Configure config/cors.php to allow all origins during development:

'allowed_origins' => ['*'],
'allowed_methods' => ['*'],
'allowed_headers' => ['*'],

1.7 Test the API

You can test the API using Postman or Insomnia by sending HTTP requests to the following endpoints:

  • GET /api/users - Get all users.
  • POST /api/users - Create a new user.
  • GET /api/users/{id} - Get a specific user.
  • PUT /api/users/{id} - Update a user.
  • DELETE /api/users/{id} - Delete a user.

Step 2: Frontend - Angular

2.1 Install Angular

Create a new Angular project using the Angular CLI:

ng new angular-frontend
cd angular-frontend

2.2 Install HTTP Client Module

In your Angular project, you will use the HTTP client module to interact with the Laravel API. Import HttpClientModule in your app.module.ts:

import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';

@NgModule({
  declarations: [AppComponent],
  imports: [BrowserModule, HttpClientModule],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule {}

2.3 Create a User Service

Generate a service that will handle the API calls to the Laravel backend:

ng generate service user

In src/app/user.service.ts, add the following code to handle CRUD operations:

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class UserService {
  private apiUrl = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users'; // Laravel API URL

  constructor(private http: HttpClient) {}

  getUsers(): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.get(this.apiUrl);
  }

  getUser(id: number): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.get(`${this.apiUrl}/${id}`);
  }

  createUser(user: any): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.post(this.apiUrl, user);
  }

  updateUser(id: number, user: any): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.put(`${this.apiUrl}/${id}`, user);
  }

  deleteUser(id: number): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.delete(`${this.apiUrl}/${id}`);
  }
}

2.4 Create a User Component

Generate a component to display and manage users:

ng generate component user

In src/app/user/user.component.ts, add logic to interact with the service:

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { UserService } from '../user.service';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-user',
  templateUrl: './user.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./user.component.css']
})
export class UserComponent implements OnInit {
  users: any[] = [];
  user: any = { name: '', email: '', age: null };

  constructor(private userService: UserService) {}

  ngOnInit(): void {
    this.getUsers();
  }

  getUsers(): void {
    this.userService.getUsers().subscribe((data) => {
      this.users = data;
    });
  }

  createUser(): void {
    this.userService.createUser(this.user).subscribe(() => {
      this.getUsers();
      this.user = { name: '', email: '', age: null };
    });
  }

  updateUser(id: number): void {
    this.userService.updateUser(id, this.user).subscribe(() => {
      this.getUsers();
      this.user = { name: '', email: '', age: null };
    });
  }

  deleteUser(id: number): void {
    this.userService.deleteUser(id).subscribe(() => {
      this.getUsers();
    });
  }
}

2.5 Update the HTML Template

In src/app/user/user.component.html, create a simple form to add and update users:

<h2>User Management</h2>

<div>
  <input [(ngModel)]="user.name" placeholder="Name" />
  <input [(ngModel)]="user.email" placeholder="Email" />
  <input [(ngModel)]="user.age" type="number" placeholder="Age" />
  <button (click)="createUser()">Create User</button>
</div>

<ul>
  <li *ngFor="let u of users">
    {{ u.name }} ({{ u.email }}) - {{ u.age }}
    <button (click)="updateUser(u.id)">Update</button>
    <button (click)="deleteUser(u.id)">Delete</button>
  </li>
</ul>

2.6 Run the Angular Application

Run the Angular application:

ng serve

The Angular app will run on http://localhost:4200.

Step 3: Testing the Full Stack Application

  1. Run the Laravel server on http://127.0.0.1:8000 by running:
php artisan serve

  1. Access the Angular frontend at http://localhost:4200 to interact with the backend.

  2. You should be able to create, read, update, and delete users via the Angular frontend, which communicates with the Laravel backend.

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